What is HIV?

We’re glad you’re here to learn more about HIV. Here is where we hope to break it down: ‘what is HIV?’ in a straightforward and easy to digest way. Understanding this virus is one of the first steps towards reducing stigma, in turn supporting those affected and our communities.

What Is HIV?

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the CD4 cells, which help fight off infections.

If left untreated for long periods HIV can weaken your immune system so much that it can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). However, with proper treatment the majority of people living with HIV can expect to lead long, healthy and fulfilled lives without any impact on life expectancy.

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How is HIV Transmitted?

HIV is mainly spread through:

  • Unprotected Sex: Having anal or vaginal sex without a condom with someone who has HIV can transmit the virus.
  • Sharing Needles: Using needles or syringes that have been in contact with HIV-infected blood can also lead to transmission.
  • Mother to Child: An HIV-positive mother can pass the virus to her baby during childbirth or breastfeeding.
  • Blood Transfusions: Though rare in places with strict blood screening, HIV can be transmitted through infected blood products.
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How Can You Protect Yourself and Others?

There are several effective ways to protect yourself from HIV:

  • Use Condoms: Proper use of condoms during sex can significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
  • Get Tested: Regular testing is key! Knowing your status means you can take steps to protect yourself and your partner.
  • Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP): This is a daily medication for people at high risk of HIV that can greatly reduce the chances of getting HIV.
  • Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U): If a person living with HIV is on effective treatment and maintains an undetectable viral load, they cannot transmit the virus to sexual partners.

Below are the HIV and sexual health clinics in Sussex:

Why Is Education Important?

Understanding HIV helps eliminate stigma and misinformation. Open conversations foster acceptance and compassion—essential factors in supporting those affected by HIV. By educating ourselves and others, we can create a more supportive community for everyone.

At The Sussex Beacon, we recognise the vital work of other HIV organisations in providing up-to-date, reliable online resources. For the latest guidance, facts, and information about HIV, visit the National AIDS Trust’s dedicated page:

National AIDS Trust

We’re Here to Help!

At The Sussex Beacon, we’re dedicated to spreading awareness, supporting those living with HIV, and helping you find the resources you need. Whether you’re just seeking some information or you need support from our community services, know that you’re not alone.

Together, let’s work towards a future with zero transmissions and zero stigma.

If you have any questions or need more information, don’t hesitate to reach out. We’re here for you!

Get in touch with the team